A contracted gallbladder is a common sonographic finding in which of the following conditions?

A contracted gallbladder is often observed in cases of chronic cholecystitis. This condition arises from inflammation of the gallbladder, usually as a result of prolonged irritation, commonly due to gallstones. Over time, the inflammation leads to a thickening of the gallbladder wall and a reduction in its ability to distend, resulting in a contracted appearance on ultrasound.

In chronic cholecystitis, the gallbladder may remain in a contracted state even when not under the influence of a fatty meal, which typically stimulates gallbladder contraction and can lead to a more prominent appearance when healthy. The visual hallmark of a contracted gallbladder on sonography, along with accompanying changes such as a thickened wall, supports the diagnosis.

Other conditions listed may not typically present with a contracted gallbladder. For example, cholesterolosis and adenomyomatosis are often characterized by gallbladder wall changes and may not necessarily lead to contraction. Portal hypertension can lead to gallbladder wall thickening and related complications, but it doesn’t present specifically with a contracted gallbladder.