Which artery supplies blood to the transverse colon?

The transverse colon is primarily supplied by branches of the superior mesenteric artery. This artery gives rise to several branches, including the middle colic artery, which specifically supplies blood to the transverse colon. This is crucial for the colon's blood supply as it ensures appropriate oxygenation and nutrient delivery to the cells in this region, assisting in proper digestive function.

While the inferior mesenteric artery branches primarily supply the distal portions of the colon (like the descending and sigmoid colon), the gastroepiploic artery is associated with supplying parts of the stomach and greater omentum, not the transverse colon. The celiac artery mainly provides blood supply to the upper abdominal organs including the stomach, liver, and spleen, but it does not supply the transverse colon directly. Hence, the superior mesenteric artery is the primary source for the blood supply of the transverse colon.